What is contact dermatitis?

Contact dermatitis is the development of a rash or eczema because of skin exposure to an environmental substance. 

What are common causes of contact dermatitis?

Contact dermatitis is split into two main categories: allergens and irritants.

• Allergens – This is caused by an allergic reaction to an environmental substance. Since this is an allergy, only those who are allergic are predisposed to develop this rash. Common causes include:
  • Poison Ivy
  • Rubber and latex
  • Metals such as nickel, gold and cobalt
  • Fragrances and perfumes
  • Preservatives
  • Adhesives
• Irritants – This is caused by an irritable environmental substance. All patients exposed will develop this rash. Common causes include:
  • Detergents
  • Bleach
  • Soaps
  • Plants
  • Fertilizers and pesticides
  • Solvents

How is contact dermatitis treated?

Treatment begins with identification and avoidance of the offending environmental substance. Mild rashes may be treated with topical steroids and oral antihistamines, while severe reactions may require systemic/oral medications.